Table of Contents
Preface xi
Introduction 1
I The Greek World View 3
The Archetypal Forms 6
Ideas and Gods 13
The Evolution of the Greek Mind from Homer to Plato 16
The Mythic Vision 16
The Birth of Philosophy 19
The Greek Enlightenment 25
Socrates 31
The Platonic Hero 35
The Philosopher's Quest and the Universal Mind 41
The Problem of the Planets 48
Aristotle and the Greek Balance 55
The Dual Legacy 69
II The Transformation of the Classical Era 73
Crosscurrents of the Hellenistic Matrix 75
The Decline and Preservation of the Greek Mind 75
Astronomy 79
Astrology 81
Neoplatonism 84
Rome 87
The Emergence of Christianity 89
III The Christian World View 91
Judaic Monotheism and the Divinization of History 94
Classical Elements and the Platonic Inheritance 98
The Conversion of the Pagan Mind 106
Contraries Within the Christian Vision 120
Exultant Christianity 125
Dualistic Christianity 130
Further Contraries and the Augustinian Legacy 138
Matter and Spirit 138
Augustine 143
Law and Grace 148
Athens and Jerusalem 151
The Holy Spirit and Its Vicissitudes 155
Rome and Catholicism 158
The Virgin Mary and the Mother Church 162
A Summing Up 165
IV The Transformation of the Medieval Era 171
The Scholastic Awakening 175
The Quest of Thomas Aquinas 179
Further Developments in the High Middle Ages 191
The Rising Tide of Secular Thought 191
Astronomy and Dante 193
The Secularization of the Church and the Rise of Lay Mysticism 196
Critical Scholasticism and Ockham's Razor 200
The Rebirth of Classical Humanism 209
Petrarch 209
The Return of Plato 211
At the Threshold 220
V The Modem World View 223
The Renaissance 224
The Reformation 233
The Scientific Revolution 248
Copernicus 248
The Religious Reaction 251
Kepler 254
Galileo 258
The Forging of Newtonian Cosmology 261
The Philosophical Revolution 272
B$con 272
Descartes 275
Foundations of the Modern World View 282
Ancients and Moderns 291
The Triumph of Secularism 298
Science and Religion: The Early Concord 298
Compromise and Conflict 301
Philosophy, Politics, Psychology 308
The Modern Character 318
Hidden Continuities 320
VI The Transformation of the Modern Era 325
The Changing Image of the Human from Copernicus through Freud 326
The Self-Critique of the Modern Mind 333
From Locke to Hume 333
Kant 341
The Decline of Metaphysics 351
The Crisis of Modern Science 355
Romanticism and Its Fate 366
The Two Cultures 366
The Divided World View 375
Attempted Syntheses: From Goethe and Hegel to Jung 378
Existentialism and Nihilism 388
The Postmodern Mind 395
At the Millennium 411
VII Epilogue 415
The Post-Copernican Double Bind 416
Knowledge and the Unconscious 422
The Evolution of World Views 433
Bringing It All Back Home 441
Chronology 446
Notes 468
Bibliography 494
Acknowledgments 513
Index 515
