Table of Contents
Introduction xiii
Chapter 1 The Business of Music Licensing 1
What Is Music Licensing? 1
Benefits of Getting Music Licensed 3
Licensing Songs versus Composing Scores 4
Soundtrack Albums 8
Music Libraries and Production Music 9
Demand for Independent Music 10
Chapter 2 Music Licensing Players 13
Music Supervisors 13
Music Editors 17
Music Production Houses 17
Getting Representation versus Self-Representation 18
Music Publishers 22
Lawyers 28
One-Stop Licensing Services 30
Chapter 3 Music Licensing Agreements 33
Master License 35
Synchronization License 37
Master License versus Synch License 38
Broad Rights/All-In Licensing Agreements 42
Soundtrack Album License 43
Festival Use License 46
Licensing Rights in Disguise 47
Request Letters 47
Performing Rights Organizations (PROs) 50
Chapter 4 Licensing-Related Agreements and Terms 54
Nonexclusive Song Marketing Agreements 55
Nonexclusive Copublishing Agreements 58
Exclusive Music Publishing Agreements 61
Blanket Licenses 66
Options Clauses 66
Chapter 5 Protecting Your Music 68
Band Agreements 68
The Protection of Copyright 71
Copyright Infringement 73
Unauthorized Use 74
Sampled Content 75
Work for Hire 77
Employee or Collaborator? 79
Common Contractual Terms and Provisions 80
Chapter 6 Show Me the Money! 88
Valuing Your Talent and Skills 88
Cash Advances from Publishers 90
Mechanical Licenses and Royalties 91
Front-End Fees 92
Back-End Royalties 93
Step-Up Agreements 96
Chapter 7 What Music Works Best for Licensing? 98
Understanding the Emotion of Music 98
Getting Acquainted with Musical Content 100
Where Different Genres Fit 101
Music Clearance and Racing Clocks 103
Music Requests 105
Cover Songs 108
Cleared Music 110
Chapter 8 Making a Game Plan 113
Mental Preparation 113
How Songs Get Chosen 115
Honing Your Sales Pitch 118
Budgets 120
Is Free Worth the Price? 120
Preparation Exercises 124
Chapter 9 Cultivating Contacts and Relationships 126
Starting Out 126
Initiating Relationships 128
Chance Encounters 130
Creating a Network 131
Following Up 133
Being Someone They Want to Work With 133
Resources 136
Events and Support 140
Chapter 10 Presentation Tools 142
Packaging Your Music Effectively 142
Presentation Styles 145
Submitting Music 146
Following Up 149
Marketing Songs Online 151
Chapter 11 Getting Music Licensed in Television Shows 155
The Licensing Trend 156
Multiple Revenue Streams 158
Deadlines and Clearance Requirements 159
Getting in the Door 160
Theme Songs 161
Agents and Composing for TV 163
Music Uses 164
Chapter 12 Getting Music Licensed in Films 169
The Lure of the Big Screen 170
Music Uses in Film 172
Understanding Filmmaking 173
Indie Film Advantage 175
Musicians' Union 178
Breaking In 180
Chapter 13 Getting Music Licensed in Advertising 183
Benefits of Licensing Music for Advertising 183
Forming a Network 184
Radio Commercials 186
Television Commercials 188
Income Stream from Commercials 190
Breaking into Commercials 192
Interpreting Music Requests 192
Lines of Command 194
Chapter 14 Getting Music Licensed in Brand Entertainment and Sponsorship 198
Traditional Sponsorship versus Brand Entertainment 199
Qualifies That Attract Product Sponsorship 202
Going for Sponsorship Deals 204
Sponsorship Backlash 206
Being Proactive 208
Additional Licensing Options 212
Chapter 15 Getting Music Licensed in Digital Media 213
The Digital World 214
Digital Licensing Basics 215
Games, Loops, Ringtones, Internet Radio, and Podcasts 217
Peer to Peer Music Networks 227
Buying and Selling Songs Online 230
Key Points to Remember 232
Chapter 16 Getting Music Licensed in Less Obvious Markets 233
The World Outside of TV, Film, and the Internet 233
Getting to the Right Person 235
Licensing Music in Colleges and Universities 237
Licensing Music for Live Performances 238
Licensing Music for Corporate Training Videos 241
Licensing Music for Music Compilations 243
Licensing Music for Restaurants 245
Licensing Music for Massage Therapy Centers 246
Licensing Music for Resorts and Hotels 246
Licensing Music for Educational Purposes 247
Licensing Music for DJ Remixes 248
Licensing an Idea 249
Capitalizing on the Unexplored 250
Chapter 17 Making Money Internationally 252
Foreign Royalties 252
International Performing Rights Organization Affiliates 253
How Royalties Get Collected 255
International Royalties for Performing Artists 259
Tapping into Foreign Licensing Opportunities 260
MIDEM and Popkomm 262
Chapter 18 Frequently Asked Questions 265
Chapter 19 Advice from the Pros 272
Acknowledgments 279
Index 283
About the Authors 290