Table of Contents
Introduction 4
Historical background
Historical Reputation 9
Cruel executions
Human sacrifice
Chronology 12
Organization 16
Command
Citizen militia
Libyo-Phoenicians
Mercenaries & allies: advantages and dangers of reliance on mercenaries
North Africans - Iberians - Celts
Non-infantry troops: Cavalry - Chariots - Elephants - Artillery
Tactics 28
Heavy and light infantry
Evolution of mercenary tactics in Punic service: Iberian cavalry - Celts
Arms & Equipment 32
Carthaginian & Libyo-Phoenician infantry and cavalry: Armour
Shields
Weapons
North African cavalry and infantry - Iberians: the Pozo Moro burial - Balearic slingers - Celts - Insignia & standards
Clothing & Physical Appearance 46
The Navy 48
Selected Campaigns & Battles 52
The conquest of Sardinia, 545-C.509 BC
The battle of Himera, 480 BC
The mercenary revolt, 240 BC
Select Bibliography 61
Index 64